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Apr 22
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'#fermentationtamil #sriparamakalyanischool #alwarkurichi 1. Microbial biomass production Microbial cells (biomass) like algae, bacteria, yeast, fungi are grown, dried and used as source of a complete protein called ‘single cell protein (SCP)’ which serves as human food or animal feed. 2. Microbial metabolites Microbes produce compounds that are very useful to man and animals. These compounds are called metabolites, can be grouped into two categories a. Primary metabolites: Metabolites produced for the maintenance of life process of microbes are known as primary metabolites Eg. Ethanol, citric, acid, lactic acid, acetic acid. b. Secondary metabolites: Secondary metabolites are those which are not required for the vital life process of microbes, but have value added nature, this includes antibiotics e.g -Amphotericin-B (Streptomyces nodosus), Penicillin (Penicillium chryosogenum) Streptomycin (S. grises) , Tetracycline (S. aureofacins), alkaloids, toxic pigments, vitamins etc. 3. Microbial enzymes When microbes are cultured, they secrete some enzymes into the growth media. These enzymes are industrially used in detergents, food processing, brewing and pharmaceuticals. Eg. protease, amylase, isomerase, and lipase. 4. Bioconversion, biotransformation or modification of the substrate The fermenting microbes has the capacity to produce valuable products, eg. conversion of ethanol to acetic acid (vinegar), isopropanol to acetone, sorbitol to sorbose (this is used in the manufacture of vitamin C), sterols to steroids'See also:
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